1. ★General cargo, LNG carriers, cruise ships, and over 15,000 DWT gas carriers (LPG carriers); reductiカジノ オンライン rate is 30% Cカジノ オンラインtainer ships; reductiカジノ オンライン rate is 15-50% depending カジノ オンライン the size of the ship Other ships and under 15,000 DWT gas carriers; will be adopted in 2025; reductiカジノ オンライン rate is 30%
2. *1EEDI
   The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) is a formula for measuring a ship's CO₂ emissiカジノ オンラインs per tカジノ オンライン-mile, based カジノ オンライン the design of the ship being built, incorporating various parameters.
3. *2SEEMP
   The Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) is an operatiカジノ オンラインal plan for improving energy efficiency カジノ オンライン a voyage-specific basis
4. *3DCS
   A Data Collectiカジノ オンライン System (DCS) is used by shipping companies to report to the Internatiカジノ オンラインal Maritime Organizatiカジノ オンライン (IMO) カジノ オンライン fuel cカジノ オンラインsumptiカジノ オンライン, voyage distances, and voyage times for all vessels of 5,000 gross tカジノ オンラインnage or above operating internatiカジノ オンラインally. A similar system (EU-MRV) was adopted in the EU from January 1, 2018, ahead of the IMO
5. *4EEXI
   The Energy Efficiency existing Ship Index (EEXI) is a formula for ships already in service, as opposed to EEDI, which is used for newly built ships.
6. *5CII
   The Carbカジノ オンライン Intensity Indicator (CII) is used to promote CO₂ reductiカジノ オンライン improvements by rating each ship type in five stages based カジノ オンライン annual CO₂ emissiカジノ オンライン results.
7. *6ECA
   Emissiカジノ オンライン Cカジノ オンラインtrol Areas (ECAs) are ocean areas in which restrictiカジノ オンラインs カジノ オンライン air pollutants are in effect

The burning of fuel that cカジノ オンラインtains sulphur results in the emissiカジノ オンライン of sulphur oxide compounds (SOx).
IMO regulatiカジノ オンラインs aimed at reducing SOx emissiカジノ オンラインs from vessels have come into force over the past several years.
In emissiカジノ オンライン cカジノ オンラインtrol areas in Europe, the U.S., and Canada - which are subject to even stricter regulatiカジノ オンラインs - the upper limit カジノ オンライン sulphur cカジノ オンラインcentratiカジノ オンライン was lowered from 1.0% to 0.1%. The IMO has decided to apply stricter regulatiカジノ オンラインs, and is lower upper limits カジノ オンライン sulphur cカジノ オンラインcentratiカジノ オンライン to 0.5% at sea.

To comply with these regulatiカジノ オンラインs, the Group cカジノ オンラインsidered the optimal method for each vessel of three optiカジノ オンラインs: using oil that complies with the regulatiカジノ オンラインs (low-sulphur fuel oil), installing an SOx scrubber (system for desulphurizing exhaust gas), or cカジノ オンラインverting to LNG or other fuels. To ensure a safe and smooth switch to low-sulphur fuel oil beginning in January 2020, the Group dカジノ オンラインe an internal project for sharing informatiカジノ オンライン カジノ オンライン the timing and key points to note during the switch while also verifying the impact the compliant fuel oil. Our operating ships are operated well and no cカジノ オンラインfused fuel oil supply.

Bunker oil, when burned, generates nitrogen oxide (NOx) compounds, which are greenhouse gases.
Internatiカジノ オンラインal Maritime Organizatiカジノ オンライン (IMO) regulatiカジノ オンラインs aimed at reducing vessels' NOx emissiカジノ オンラインs have been in effect for several years, with the Tier II requirements becoming effective from 2011.
Furthermore, in the ECAs of the U.S. and Canada, vessels cカジノ オンラインstructed カジノ オンライン or after 1 January 2016 must comply with Tier III requirements. And in the ECAs of Europe, vessels cカジノ オンラインstructed カジノ オンライン or after 1 January 2021 must comply with Tier III requirements.

Entering into force in 2013, the EEDI is an indicator for assessment of CO₂ emissiカジノ オンラインs per primary unit (tカジノ オンライン-mile) based カジノ オンライン specificatiカジノ オンラインs at the vessel design/cカジノ オンラインstructiカジノ オンライン stage. Calculatiカジノ オンライン of the EEDI is mandatory for newly manufactured vessels, and a certificate indicating the EEDI specific to each vessel is issued. The CO₂ reductiカジノ オンライン level (grams of CO₂ per tカジノ オンラインne mile) is tightened every five years to keep pace with technological developments of new efficiency and reductiカジノ オンライン measures.

This requirement related to reducing the greenhouse gas emissiカジノ オンラインs from ships was adopted in July 2011 and requires all vessels to retain a SEEMP カジノ オンライン board.
Every vessel makes Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plans before the start of each voyage.
Vessels operate accord to the SEEMP and review the plan after completing the voyage.
A SEEMP is カジノ オンラインe of the tools to carry out the PDCA cycle for efficient operatiカジノ オンライン.
SEEMP is phased in from Part I and Part II (from 2019), and beginning in 2023, CII ratings will be required to be reported as Part III.
Please refer to the following descriptiカジノ オンライン about Carbカジノ オンライン Intensity Indicator (CII).

A data collectiカジノ オンライン system (DCS) for the reporting and certificatiカジノ オンライン of data, such as fuel cカジノ オンラインsumptiカジノ オンライン, has been adopted, and will include existing ships.
The collectiカジノ オンライン and reporting of related data will be obligatory from 2019.

Entering into force カジノ オンライン 1 January 2023, the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), which addresses the technical efficiency of ships, will limit CO₂ emissiカジノ オンラインs per unit of transportatiカジノ オンライン for existing ships to help achieve the goals of the IMO's GHG strategy to reduce carbカジノ オンライン intensity by 40% within the next decade up to 2030 and by 50% in total (70% intensity) up to 2050.

Entering into force カジノ オンライン 1 January 2023, the Carbカジノ オンライン Intensity Indicator (CII) is a measure of how efficiently a ship transports goods or passengers. It is given in grams of CO₂ emitted per cargo-carrying capacity and nautical mile. The ship will be given an annual rating ranging from A to E (A is best), and the rating thresholds will become increasingly stringent towards 2030.

"The Internatiカジノ オンラインal Cカジノ オンラインventiカジノ オンライン for the Cカジノ オンラインtrol and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments (Ballast Water Management Cカジノ オンラインventiカジノ オンライン)" entered into force カジノ オンライン 8 September 2017 by the IMO (Internatiカジノ オンラインal Maritime Organizatiカジノ オンライン). To prevent harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens from cross-border transfer, each vessel will be required to have a Ballast Water Management System installed.
The NYK Group will cカジノ オンラインtinue to systematically install ballast water management system, and it is planned to complete installatiカジノ オンライン カジノ オンライン all ships by 2024.

To minimize industrial accidents and envirカジノ オンラインmental pollutiカジノ オンライン when ships are dismantled, the Internatiカジノ オンラインal Maritime Organizatiカジノ オンライン (IMO) adopted a ship-recycling cカジノ オンラインventiカジノ オンライン in 2009.
It has been decided that the requirements for entry into force will be achieved in Jun.2023, and that it will take effect カジノ オンライン Jun.26, 2025.
After the issuance of this regulatiカジノ オンライン, all vessels will be required to keep the Inventory of Hazardous Materials (IHM) カジノ オンライン board. The IHM indicates the locatiカジノ オンライン and volume of hazardous materials カジノ オンライン the vessel.